Lined tank or pressure vessel



Feb. 2,5, 1930. A EL Asma `1,748,575

LINED TANK OR PRESSURE VESSEL Filed O ct. 19. 1928 INVENTOR ATT RNEYS Petented Feb. 2s, 1930 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .ALFRED E. MASXRRY, 0F TB'VINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO INDUSTRIAL WELDED .ALLOYS INC., OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A.

consommant or DELAWARE LINED TANK OR PRESSURE VESSEL 'Application mea october 19, ma.. serial No. $13,398.,4W

This invention relates yto the construction of tanks or pressure vessels which are intended for use in the treatment-'of materials under pressure and temperature. To

sustain the high pressure employed in many chemical processes it is necessary. that the 'walls 0f the tank or other vessel be of thick, strong material; Steel is best adapted for this purpose, but cannot bepused for any process in which a chemical is involved which lWill have acorrosive action on the the tank walls of such alloys andof the re- `quired thickness to sustain the pressures employed in the chemical treatment carried on in the tank.'

So far as I am advised, no one has hereto- ,fore been able to make a steel tank with a corrosion resistant alloy lining which would prove satisfactory when the tank was subjected to wide variations in temperature. This was because of the marked difference in tlie coellicient ofexpansion of the main steel wall and the alloy lining. The lining would bulge at very high temperatures or would shrink away from the wall of the tank at low temperatures, and the lining of the peripheral wall would tear itself loose from the lining of the top or bottom'when subjected to wide `extremes of temperature.

. The object of my invention is to provide a tank which ma be made at low cost, which will have suiclent strength to withstand high pressure, and which will present an in ner surface which will not be injuriously aiected by the chemicals employed. I provide a steel tank which maybe of any desired type of construction,-and secure within it a liner of a corrosion resistant alloy or other non-corrosive material.

As the imprtant feature of my invention I rovide this liner with one or more helica ly arranged corrugations which will permit of both longitudinal and circumferential expansion or contraction of the liner at the same rate as the expansion or contraction of the tank wall, so that the liner will be exteriorly supported to resist internal pressure, .and will be free to move so that there is n0 liability of developing cracks or being torn loose at the ends o'r heads.

My invention may be carried outv in various different forms depending on the purpose for which the tank is to be used, the range of pressures and temperatures to which it is to be subjected, and the character of the material to be treated therein.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated merely one embodiment as an example, In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the upper porl tion of a tank, a part being broken away,

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section similar to a portion of Fig. 2.Y

In the construction illustratedthere is provided a peripheral wall 10 which may be a section of a large steel tube or may be built up from steel plates welded or riveted to*- gether. It is important that if welding or riveting be employed, the inner surface be smooth. In some cases where it is desirable to-conserve theheat inside of the liner, a`

layer of brick, sand or similar insulating material is employed between the non-corrosive liner and the steel shell. In this case the liner expands and contracts against theybrick or other insulating material instead of the steel shell, and the inner surface of such material should be smooth, although the inner sur- 'face of the steel shell obviously need not be. The tank 1s provided with top and bottomv ralsv to be treated `in the tank. This may be a chrome iron, or chrome steel, a. chrome nickel fsteel, Monel metal, or other wellknown alloy of the general stainless or-non-corrosive type'.

For some constructions I might use nickel or other metal in laceof an alloy. The liner substantially fol ows the inner surface of the-peripheral Wall 10 of the tank, but is provided with a helical slit which will make 'at least one turn around the tank, although it lmay be of such pitch thatit-makes severalturns. With the slit at an angle of about 45, it will make one'turn if the length of the tank be a little more than three times the diameter. For shorter tanks the angle of the y slit should be less, in order to make the complete turn.

At the slit there is inserted a corrugated strip -13 which runs lengthwise of theslit and has its opposite edges welded to the body of the liner. This strip, by reason of its corrugations, may expand in a direction transversely to the length of the strip, and thereforetin a. direction having a longitudinal and a circumferential component in respect to thettank. With this corrugated filler strip inserted in the liner and extending helica y,

' the liner as a whole may expand or contract both lengthwise of the tank and circumferentially thereof, and may maintain firm' contact with and be properly supported by the outer steel wall under all conditions of temperature and pressure. The ends of the liner 12 may be secured to liner sections, 14 in the top and bottom of the tank in anyj suitable manner, and the end of thecorrugated strip is likewise secured to the top and bottom liner sections. The corrugations may be 4flattened out at the end, or maybe illed, or other suitthe able expedient employed for making a tight jomt. s

There will be comparatively little strain on such joint because the body of the liner may expand and contract at will, and the ends of the liner will remain firmly anchored .to the ends of the tank. The number, height and character of the corrugations in the helical strip may vary depending upon the difference in the rate of coeiiicient of the outer wall of the liner `and the range of pressure and temperature to which the tank is to be subjected. I have illustrated only one such strip and provided it with only three corrugations, but a larger number of strips'may be provided if desired, and the corrugations may be of dierent form and different number, if desired. v

I have referred to the corrugated portion as a strip, and have illustrated it as made of a separate piece of metal welded inv a slit in ody of the liner. yIt will of course be evident that itmay be integral with the body of the liner and may be formed by rolling the helical corrugations directly in the cylindrical liner.

entially and longitudinally.

4:. .A tank or pressure vesselhaving a metallic Wall including a helicall disposed cory rugation permitting longitu inal and circumferentiall expansion. v

5. A'steel tank or pressure vessel having a liner of corrosion resistant alloy, said liner hajving a helically disposed strip making at least one turn around the wall of the tank,

'and provided with. corrugations along the length ofthe strip permitting longitudinal andcircumferential expansion of the liner.

6. A tank or pressure vessel having a metallic peripheral wall including a helically disposed corrugated expansion Joint extending lat approximately/5 to the axis of the tank. l a

7. A tank or pressure vessel having a metallic peripheral wall including a helically disposed corrugated expansion ]oint extending at approximately 45 to the axis of the tank` said expansion `joint making at least onekturn around the peripheral wall of the tan Signed at Irvington, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, this, 13th day of October, A. D. 1928. l

. f ALFRED E. MASKREY. 

